We say Auguri! when it's the new year or when someone has a birthday. Tanti auguri a te is how Italians sing, "Happy Birthday to you." But we also have the verb augurare, which is used quite frequently, even on ordinary days.

Non le posso augurare una buona sera perché non è una buona sera.

I can't wish you a good evening, because it isn't a good evening.

Caption 21, La Tempesta film - Part 22

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When you wish for something, you hope it will come true. In English, we either use the imperative of the verb "to have," or we can change the construction and use the verb "to hope."

Ti auguro una buona giornata (have a good day/I hope you have a good day).

If you follow Marika's videos, she almost always wishes you a marvelous day at the end.

Io ti auguro una giornata meravigliosa e ci vediamo la prossima volta.

Have a marvelous day and I'll see you next time.

Captions 56-57, Marika commenta -La Ladra Espressioni idiomatiche - Part 1

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We can use augurare with a reflexive ending, too: augurarsi. We use this form when we want to say, "I hope so!" We say:

Me lo auguro (I hope so).

Mi auguro di sì (I hope so).

No, scusi, mi auguro che Lei abbia una motivazione plausibile, perché se no io... -Ma un istruttore a che Le serve?

No, excuse me. I hope you have a plausible reason, otherwise, I... -But what do you need an instructor for?

Captions 9-10, Il Commissario Manara S2EP7 - Alta società - Part 13

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Note that after mi auguro comes che, and some of us know what that can mean. It likely means we'll need the subjunctive. In the example above, we do indeed need the subjunctive of the verb avere (to have). For more about cases like this one, see our lessons on this topic. 

Using me lo auguro can have a somewhat negative nuance and we might translate it as, "I should hope so!" So it's not really hope, but rather expecting something to be a certain way. It's also quite a mouthful of vowels. Luckily, you can also say:

Lo spero (I hope so)!

On the other hand, if we want to say "I hope not," we can simply say mi auguro di no. 

Hai imparato qualcosa (did you learn something)? Mi auguro di sì (I hope so). 

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In a previous lesson, we looked at some Italian words that have to do with "right": retto and its feminine form retta. We mentioned that there are other words that can mean "right" and so in this lesson, we will look at two more: diritto, dritto. Sometimes they mean "right" and sometimes they don't, but they are very good words to know! 

If we look at the dictionary entry for dritto, we also find diritto, so they are very closely related and can often be used interchangeably. And sometimes it's hard to tell if someone is saying one or the other. But there are cases where you can't swap them. 

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Diritto as a noun

When you have rights (or not), then you use diritto as a masculine noun. Dritto won't work in this case!

Mi dice con che diritto ha fermato Stefano?

Will you tell what right you had to detain Stefano?

Caption 48, Il Commissario Manara - S1EP7 - Sogni di Vetro

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As in English, we can talk about rights in general: equal rights, civil rights, etc., thus using the plural.

Anch'io ho i miei diritti e la mia dignità di lavoratore.

I also have my rights and my dignity as a worker.

Caption 6, Ma che ci faccio qui! - Un film di Francesco Amato

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While a single law is una legge, law in general is referred to as diritto or giurisprudenza. Here, too, dritto won't do.

Mi sono appena iscritto alla facolta di Diritto.

I'm just enrolled in Law school.

Dritta as a noun

Although dritta as a noun almost surely derives from the verb dirigere, it has become a colloquial but widely used feminine noun in itself. In this case, someone is heading you in the right direzione (direction) by giving you some good advice or a tip. Diritta doesn't work here.

Gli ho solamente dato qualche dritta su come tenere

I just gave him a few tips on how to keep

pulito il lastricato dalla gramigna. -Ah!

the flagstones free of weeds. -Ah.

Captions 53-54, La Ladra - Ep. 7 - Il piccolo ladro

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Further noun definitions of dritto and dritta.

We can use the noun form dritto/dritta to describe someone who is sly, a smooth operator.

La dritta can also indicate the right-[hand] side, the one used to direct (dirigere). On a ship, it's the starboard side. On a medal il dritto is the "front" side. In knitting, dritto is a plain stitch.

Dritto as an adverb

Just as with "right" in English, diritto can be either an adjective or a noun, but it can also be an adverb. 

One thing a parent might tell a child is:

Valentina, sta dritta.

Valentina, stand up straight.

Caption 10, Fellini Racconta - Un Autoritratto Ritrovato

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As we found in the lesson on retto, "straight" and "right" are close cousins in English. Think of the word "upright."

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Giving Directions

One way we use the adverb dritto or diritto is when we give directions, so this is super important. Whether you say diritto or dritto, people will understand you just fine.

Here, Daniela is teaching us about giving directions.

OK? Allora, andare a destra, andare a sinistra,

OK? So, "to go to the right," "to go to the left,"

andare dritto, andare sempre dritto, andare tutto dritto.

"to go straight," "to go straight ahead." "to go straight ahead."

Captions 53-54, Corso di italiano con Daniela - Chiedere informazioni

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Here's an expression we have seen several times in Yabla videos, used in association with former criminals, wayward policemen, or with kids.  

In the following example, dritto describes the way you draw lines--you draw them straight. You behave.

"Rigare dritto" vuol dire comportarsi bene.

"To toe the line" [to make a straight line] means "to behave."

Caption 14, Marika commenta -La Ladra - Espressioni idiomatiche

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Check out Marika's video where she says a bit more about the expression rigare dritto or filare dritto. 

In the following example, we could also say the shot went right to the heart.

Un colpo di pistola dritto al cuore a distanza ravvicinata, ma...

A gunshot direct to the heart at close range, but...

Caption 16, Provaci Ancora Prof! - S1E2 - Un amore pericoloso

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There is certainly more to say about these fascinating and important words, but your head must be full by now. Keep your eyes and ears open as you watch Yabla videos. These words will be peppered all through them. Let us know your questions and doubts, and we'll get back to you. Write to us at newsletter@yabla.com