Fingers and toes, Italian style

It's always a good idea to know what each finger on the hand are called in a given language. 

Here are the names of the five fingers in italian:

Ogni mano ha cinque dita. Andiamo a conoscerle. Il pollice, indice, medio, anulare e mignolo.

Each hand has five fingers. Let's get to know them. The thumb, index, middle, ring, and little finger.

Captions 12-15, Marika spiega Gli arti superiori

 Play Caption

banner PLACEHOLDER

For more about upper limbs see this video from Marika. 

Compared to English, Italian has a different take on fingers and toes. Italian speakers use dito (finger) for both fingers and toes, but specify when it's not about hands.

Tutti i pezzi che mancavano meno uno. -Il dito? No, le dita ci sono tutte sia dei piedi che delle mani. -Eh.

All the missing pieces save one. -The finger? No, all the digits are there, both on the feet and the hands. -Yeah.

Captions 23-24, Imma Tataranni Sostituto procuratore S1EP1 L'estate del dito - Part 17

 Play Caption

So it's important to know that in Italian, there is no real difference between a finger and a toe. It just depends on where it is located. 

However, the big toe is often referred to as l'alluce.

Il dito grande del piede si chiama alluce.

The big toe of the foot is called [the] big/great toe.

Caption 15, Marika spiega Il busto e gli arti inferiori

 Play Caption

Note that when we are talking about the toe of a boot or a shoe, then, it's la punta.

È la punta dello stivale Italia.

It's the toe of Italy's boot.

Caption 15, L'Italia a tavola Interrogazione sulla Calabria

 Play Caption

Ci sono delle scarpe a punta,

There are shoes with pointed toes,

Caption 22, Meraviglie EP. 6 - Part 10

 Play Caption

If you do something with your toe or toes, then it will probably be con la punta del piede.

Grammar corner:

Let's keep in mind that il dito (the finger) is a masculine noun, but has a feminine plural with an unusual ending: le dita (the fingers).

banner PLACEHOLDER

Breathing is essential for life, so it's a pretty important word, we'll all agree. This lesson will explore different ways of talking about the breath and breathing, with some useful modi di dire (expressions) that can come in handy.

So what's the word for "breath" in Italian? There's more than one, so buckle up.

il fiato

This is the breath that comes out when you breathe. A wind instrument we blow into with our breath to produce a sound is uno strumento a fiato, and when we speak in general, about instruments in an orchestra, for example, we say i fiati (the winds).

a fiato

La zampogna è uno strumento a fiato

The bagpipe is a wind instrument

fatto con pelle di pecora.

made with sheep hide.

Quindi uno strumento musicale.

So it's a musical instrument.

-Musicale, musicale, musicale, sì.

-Musical, musical, musical, yes.

Captions 53-54, L'Italia a tavola - Interrogazione sulla Calabria

 Play Caption

fiato sul collo

When someone is stressing you out, they may be breathing down your neck. Don't worry, Italians get stressed out, too, and there is a similar expression in Italian. Instead of using the verb form "to breathe," though, they use the verb stare ("to be," "to stay," "to stand there," and add a preposition).

Mi stai sempre con il fiato sul collo.

You're always breathing down my neck.

Caption 64, Stai lontana da me - Rai Cinema

 Play Caption

riprendere fiato

Another essential expression to know using fiato for "breath" is riprendere fiato. It usually means "to catch one's breath."

It's interesting to note that in both expressions, there's no possessive pronoun in Italian. It's either assumed or they include the person in a different way. And in riprendere fiato, there is no article, either.

La città riprende fiato

The city catches its breath

Caption 4, Radio Deejay - Lorenzo Jovanotti - Gente della notte

 Play Caption

P.S. Jovanotti's song has a lot of great words and phrases about life in the city — worth checking out, at least the transcript, if not the song itself (for beginners, too!).

rompere il fiato

If you are a runner, you will know the moment in which you start feeling warmed up, when your breathing settles in, and you finally feel like you can keep going. We could even talk about getting one's second wind.

Dopo 2 kilometri, ho rotto il fiato,

After 2 kilometers, I got warmed up/I got my second wind,

e ho corso altri 5!

and I managed to run 5 more!

fiatare

What about the verb fiatare? It does exist, but it's usually reserved for whispering, or "breathing a word."

La Titti conosceva De Carolis. Avrebbe pagato

Titti knew De Carolis. He would have paid

senza fiatare, senza...

without breathing a word, without...

senza avvertire la polizia.

without alerting the police.

Captions 48-50, Il Commissario Manara - S2EP12 - La donna senza volto

 Play Caption

mozzafiato 

Mozzafiato is a great adjective, meaning "breathtaking."

che sembra quasi abbracciarvi

that almost seems to embrace you

con una bellezza mozzafiato.

with breathtaking beauty.

Captions 53-54, Meraviglie - EP. 5

 Play Caption

We'll talk about il respiro (the breath) in part 2.