We all know how to add and subtract, but talking about it in Italian is another thing. Marika helps us make sense of it and talks about the fractions and percentages we often find in the news and surveys.

We learn about the ideas behind the movies, Father and Master and The Night of the Shooting Stars, and how music played a major role in both movies.

Mimmo is discouraged about getting rejected at the radio station, and Riccardo gives him some criticism. Franca has a different opinion. The students get together to celebrate the end of their two-year program at the Experimental Center.

Marika gets us on track with the words and expressions we need for talking about math. You might hate math, as many do, but it is handy to have the vocabulary at your fingertips!

There is a certain kind of subordinate clause, called a "clause of purpose," that basically answers the question, "to what end?" Italian has a number of conjunctions that can be translated as "so that," and they take the subjunctive in most cases. So this kind of subordinate clause can be tricky.

Music and sound have major roles in the movies of the Taviani brothers. Notably, the tarantella from Allonsanfàn, written by Ennio Morricone, was also used by Tarantino in one of his movies, and that's when it became famous.

Domenico gets a small role in a movie where he has to sing a child to sleep. He then tries his luck in a singing contest. He also seems to be getting some attention from some women...

Daniela talks about explicit and implicit causal subordinate clauses.

Music plays an essential role in the films of the Taviani brothers. It's like having another actor. Composer Nicola Piovani knows something about this having worked with them on some of their movies. He also composed the soundtrack for the movie La Vita è Bella (Life is Beautiful) with Roberto Benigni.

De Sica is generous with Domenico. Later on, seated on the curb with his friend, Domenico borrows a guitar from a "blind" person nearby and sings a song he wrote.

In a sentence, the main clause can stand on its own, but there can also be a subordinate or dependent clause. Today's lesson addresses the causal subordinate clause, which gives the reason for the action in the main clause. Conjunctions such as perché (because) dato che (given that) are used to join the two clauses.

Nanni Moretti tells about how he got to see Caesar Must Die before it was released. The composer, Giuliano Taviani talks about how he became interested in writing music for film, and how budget limits actually inspired him in writing the music for this movie.

Marika talks about going to the movies in Italy. Don't worry. Italians like popcorn, too.

Domenico happens to get a glimpse of Vittorio De Sica himself and chases him down to ask him for a part.

Another kind of subordinate clause is the temporal subordinate. One way we introduce it is with conjunctions having to do with time, such as "while," "when," and "as long as." There are other ways to form a temporal subordinate clause, and Daniela explains them.